沼氣脫硫，綠色能源轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)

　　Biogas desulfurization, a key link in the transition to green energy

　　在沼氣變身天然氣、助力綠色能源革命的過(guò)程中，有個(gè)不可或缺的核心步驟——沼氣脫硫。很多人可能不知道，剛從沼氣池或厭氧罐里出來(lái)的沼氣，根本不是能直接用的“成品清潔能源”，里面藏著大量硫化氫等雜質(zhì)。這些雜質(zhì)不僅會(huì)嚴(yán)重腐蝕發(fā)電機(jī)、鍋爐，還會(huì)在燃燒時(shí)產(chǎn)生有毒氣體，污染環(huán)境又危害健康。所以說(shuō)，沼氣脫硫不只是提升能源品質(zhì)的必要工序，更是讓沼氣能被資源化利用的前提，是綠色能源轉(zhuǎn)型里實(shí)打?qū)嵉年P(guān)鍵一環(huán)。今天就給大家把沼氣脫硫的門(mén)道講明白，看看它為啥這么重要。

　　In the process of transforming biogas into natural gas and supporting the green energy revolution, there is an indispensable core step - biogas desulfurization. Many people may not know that the biogas that has just come out of a biogas digester or anaerobic tank is not a "finished clean energy" that can be directly used, as it contains a large amount of impurities such as hydrogen sulfide. These impurities not only severely corrode generators and boilers, but also produce toxic gases during combustion, polluting the environment and endangering health. So, biogas desulfurization is not only a necessary process to improve energy quality, but also a prerequisite for the resource utilization of biogas, which is a key link in the transformation of green energy. Today, we will explain the process of biogas desulfurization to everyone and see why it is so important.

　　先說(shuō)說(shuō)沼氣里的“頭號(hào)隱患”——硫化氫。這東西聞著有股臭雞蛋味，毒性極強(qiáng)，濃度高了甚至?xí)l(fā)中毒事故。更麻煩的是它的腐蝕性，要是把沒(méi)脫硫的沼氣直接拿去發(fā)電，短短幾百小時(shí)就可能把發(fā)電機(jī)內(nèi)部腐蝕得一塌糊涂，不僅大幅縮短設(shè)備壽命，還得花大價(jià)錢(qián)維修，讓企業(yè)的運(yùn)維成本直線上升。尤其是養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)、酒廠、污水處理廠這些沼氣產(chǎn)出量大的地方，要是忽略脫硫環(huán)節(jié)直接用沼氣，不光設(shè)備扛不住，還可能因?yàn)榄h(huán)保不達(dá)標(biāo)被要求停產(chǎn)，反而得不償失。

　　First, let's talk about the "number one hazard" in biogas - hydrogen sulfide. This thing has a strong odor of rotten eggs and is extremely toxic. If the concentration is too high, it may even cause poisoning accidents. What's even more troublesome is its corrosiveness. If the desulfurized biogas is directly used for power generation, it may corrode the inside of the generator in just a few hundred hours, greatly shortening the equipment life and requiring expensive maintenance, causing the operation and maintenance costs of the enterprise to skyrocket. Especially in places with high biogas production such as breeding farms, distilleries, and sewage treatment plants, if the desulfurization process is ignored and biogas is directly used, not only will the equipment not be able to withstand it, but it may also be required to stop production due to environmental non-compliance, which is not worth the loss.

　　為了應(yīng)對(duì)不同場(chǎng)景的需求，現(xiàn)在行業(yè)里有三種主流的沼氣脫硫技術(shù)，各有各的優(yōu)勢(shì)。第一種是生物脫硫技術(shù)，靠微生物的代謝作用把硫化氫變成無(wú)害物質(zhì)，不僅環(huán)保，運(yùn)行成本還低，特別適合中等規(guī)模的沼氣工程；第二種是絡(luò)合鐵脫硫技術(shù)，反應(yīng)速度快、脫硫效率高，就算是硫化氫濃度高的場(chǎng)景也能搞定，所以常被用在大型養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)和工業(yè)沼氣項(xiàng)目上；還有一種是氧化鐵干法脫硫，工藝簡(jiǎn)單、投資成本低，小型沼氣利用項(xiàng)目選它性價(jià)比最高。雖然這三種技術(shù)的原理不一樣，但目標(biāo)都是把沼氣里的硫化氫含量降到設(shè)備能承受的范圍，為后續(xù)的利用或提純打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。

　　In order to meet the needs of different scenarios, there are currently three mainstream biogas desulfurization technologies in the industry, each with its own advantages. The first type is biological desulfurization technology, which relies on the metabolic process of microorganisms to turn hydrogen sulfide into harmless substances. It is not only environmentally friendly but also has low operating costs, making it particularly suitable for medium-sized biogas projects; The second type is chelated iron desulfurization technology, which has fast reaction speed and high desulfurization efficiency. Even scenarios with high hydrogen sulfide concentration can be solved, so it is often used in large-scale breeding farms and industrial biogas projects; Another method is iron oxide dry desulfurization, which has a simple process and low investment cost. It is the most cost-effective option for small-scale biogas utilization projects. Although the principles of these three technologies are different, their goal is to reduce the hydrogen sulfide content in biogas to a range that the equipment can withstand, laying a solid foundation for subsequent utilization or purification.

　　這里要特別提醒一句：沼氣脫硫可不是孤立的步驟，它是整個(gè)沼氣凈化流程的“第一步”，必須放在前面。要是想把沼氣升級(jí)成符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的天然氣，脫硫之后還得進(jìn)行提純脫碳，去掉二氧化碳等雜質(zhì)、提升甲烷純度。但如果跳過(guò)脫硫直接去提純，硫化氫的腐蝕性會(huì)直接損壞提純?cè)O(shè)備，讓整個(gè)凈化系統(tǒng)癱瘓。所以“先脫硫后提純”已經(jīng)成了行業(yè)里的共識(shí)，這兩步共同構(gòu)成了沼氣資源化利用的核心鏈條，少了哪一步都不行。

　　Here is a special reminder: biogas desulfurization is not an isolated step, it is the "first step" of the entire biogas purification process and must be placed at the forefront. If you want to upgrade biogas to natural gas that meets national standards, after desulfurization, purification and decarbonization are necessary to remove impurities such as carbon dioxide and improve methane purity. But if desulfurization is skipped and purification is carried out directly, the corrosiveness of hydrogen sulfide will directly damage the purification equipment, causing the entire purification system to malfunction. So "desulfurization before purification" has become a consensus in the industry, and these two steps together constitute the core chain of biogas resource utilization. Without any step, it is impossible.

　　在雙碳目標(biāo)的引領(lǐng)下，沼氣脫硫技術(shù)的價(jià)值可不只在于保護(hù)設(shè)備、達(dá)標(biāo)環(huán)保。它還能推動(dòng)糞污、工業(yè)污水這些廢棄物的資源化循環(huán)，實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)保和經(jīng)濟(jì)的雙贏。比如養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)的牛糞、豆制品廠的污水，經(jīng)過(guò)厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)生沼氣，脫硫之后用來(lái)發(fā)電、燒鍋爐，既解決了廢棄物處理的大難題，又減少了對(duì)傳統(tǒng)能源的消耗，相當(dāng)于“變廢為寶”。而且隨著技術(shù)不斷升級(jí)，現(xiàn)在先進(jìn)的脫硫系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)能實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化運(yùn)行，不管是小型沼氣項(xiàng)目還是大型工程都能適配，為綠色能源革命提供了可靠的保障。

　　Under the guidance of the dual carbon target, the value of biogas desulfurization technology lies not only in protecting equipment and meeting environmental standards. It can also promote the resource recycling of waste such as manure and industrial wastewater, achieving a win-win situation for environmental protection and economy. For example, cow manure from breeding farms and wastewater from bean product factories are anaerobically fermented to produce biogas, which is then desulfurized and used for power generation and boiler burning. This not only solves the major problem of waste disposal, but also reduces the consumption of traditional energy, equivalent to "turning waste into treasure". Moreover, with the continuous upgrading of technology, advanced desulfurization systems can now achieve automated operation, which can adapt to both small-scale biogas projects and large-scale projects, providing reliable guarantees for the green energy revolution.

　　可能有人覺(jué)得，脫硫只是個(gè)不起眼的小工序，但正是這個(gè)小工序，成了連接污染治理和能源生產(chǎn)的橋梁。沒(méi)有它，沼氣這個(gè)“綠色寶藏”就沒(méi)法安全、高效地走進(jìn)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和日常生活；沒(méi)有它，沼氣資源化利用的鏈條就會(huì)斷裂，綠色能源轉(zhuǎn)型也會(huì)少了重要的支撐。從廢棄物到清潔能源，沼氣的轉(zhuǎn)型之路，每一步都離不開(kāi)脫硫技術(shù)的守護(hù)。

　　Some people may think that desulfurization is just an inconspicuous small process, but it is precisely this small process that has become a bridge connecting pollution control and energy production. Without it, biogas, the 'green treasure', cannot safely and efficiently enter industrial production and daily life; Without it, the chain of biogas resource utilization will break, and the transition to green energy will also lack important support. The transformation of biogas from waste to clean energy relies on the protection of desulfurization technology at every step.

　　總結(jié)下來(lái)，沼氣脫硫從來(lái)都不是可有可無(wú)的環(huán)節(jié)，而是綠色能源轉(zhuǎn)型中必須筑牢的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。它既守護(hù)著設(shè)備安全和生態(tài)環(huán)境，又讓沼氣的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和環(huán)保價(jià)值充分釋放。隨著綠色發(fā)展理念越來(lái)越深入，沼氣脫硫技術(shù)會(huì)不斷優(yōu)化升級(jí)，在推動(dòng)碳中和目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)、引領(lǐng)綠色能源革命的道路上，發(fā)揮越來(lái)越重要的作用。如果大家接觸到沼氣相關(guān)的項(xiàng)目，不妨多關(guān)注一下脫硫環(huán)節(jié)，就能明白這份“綠色能源”背后的安全保障密碼。

　　In summary, biogas desulfurization has never been an optional step, but a crucial link that must be firmly established in the transition to green energy. It not only safeguards equipment safety and ecological environment, but also fully unleashes the economic and environmental value of biogas. With the deepening of the concept of green development, biogas desulfurization technology will continue to be optimized and upgraded, playing an increasingly important role in promoting the achievement of carbon neutrality goals and leading the green energy revolution. If you are exposed to projects related to biogas, you may want to pay more attention to the desulfurization process to understand the security code behind this "green energy".

　　本文由  沼氣脫硫  友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://www.kkfoot.com/   真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

　　This article is contributed by the friendship of biogas desulfurization For more related knowledge, please click http://www.kkfoot.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.